July 09, 2009

Repeating Interval Timer

Description:

This circuit has an adjustable output timer that will re-trigger at regular intervals. The output period can be anything from a fraction of a second to half-an-hour or more - and it can be made to recur at regular intervals of anything from seconds to days and beyond.

Circuit diagram

Repeating Timer Schematic

The Output Section:

When Pin 6 of the Cmos 4001 is taken high - the monostable triggers - and the relay energizes. It will remain energized for a period of time set by C1 & R3.

With the values shown - R3 will provide output periods of up to about 30-minutes. However, you can choose component values to suit your requirements. For example, if you reduce R3 to 1meg - and C1 to 4.7uF - the maximum output period is between 3 and 5 seconds. Owing to manufacturing tolerances - the precise length of the time period available depend on the characteristics of the actual components you've used.

The Cmos 4060:

The Cmos 4060 is a 14-bit binary counter with a built-in oscillator. The oscillator consists of the two inverters connected to Pins 9, 10 & 11 - and its frequency is controlled by R7. The output from the oscillator is connected internally to the binary counter. While the oscillator is running - the IC counts the number of oscillations - and the state of the count is reflected in the output pins.

By adjusting R7 - you can set the length of time it takes for any given output pin to go high. Connect that output to Pin 6 of the Cmos 4001 and - every time it goes high - it'll trigger the monostable.

Ideally C4 should be non-polarized - but a regular electrolytic will work - provided it doesn't leak too badly in the reverse direction. Alternatively - you can simulate a non-polarized 10uF capacitor by connecting two 22uF capacitors back to back - as shown.

Important
Do not use the "on-board" relay to switch mains voltage. The board's layout does not offer sufficient isolation between the relay contacts and the low-voltage components. If you want to switch mains voltage - mount a suitably rated relay somewhere safe - Away From The Board. I've used a SPCO/SPDT relay - but you can use a multi-pole relay if you wish.


Veroboard Layout:
The Stripboard Layout For  The Repeating Timer


Since the delays between outputs can last for hours - or even days - using "Trial and Error" to set-up the timer would be very tedious. A better solution is to use the Setup Table provided - and calculate the time required for Pin 7 of the Cmos 4060 to go high.

For example, if you want the monostable to trigger every Six Hours - the Range Table tells you to use Pin 1 of the Cmos 4060. You need Pin 1 to go high every 6 x 60 x 60 = 21 600 seconds. The Setup table tells you that for Pin 1 you should divide this figure by 512 - giving about 42 seconds. Adjust R7 so that the Yellow LED lights 42 seconds after power is applied. This will cause Pin 1 to go high after about 3 Hours.


Setup Tables:

The Setup Tables For  The Repeating Timer


When Pin 1 goes high it will stay high for three hours. It will then go low for three hours - before going high once again. Thus, Pin 1 goes high once every six hours. It's the act of going high that triggers the monostable. So - after an initial delay of three hours - the relay will energize. It will then re-energize every six hours thereafter.

The reset button should NOT be used during setup. The time it takes for Pin 7 to go high - and the Yellow LED to light - MUST be measured from the moment power is applied.

Although R4, R5 and the two LEDs help with the setup - they are not necessary to the operation of the timer. If you want to reduce the power consumption - disconnect them once you've completed the setup.

The timer is designed for a 12-volt supply. However - provided a suitable relay is used - it will work at anything from 5 to 15-volts. Applying power starts the timer. It can be reset at any time by a brief interruption of the power supply - so a reset button is not strictly necessary. If you need delays in excess of 32-hours - increase the value of C4.

1 comments:

half circuit diagrams are hidden. can you please send me the full details with complete circuit diagram in my mail id: krgaurav093@gmail.com......its urgent plz

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Electronics is the study and use of electrical that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles in devices such as thermionic valves. and semiconductors. The pure study of such devices is considered as a branch of physics, while the design and construction electronic circuits to solve practical problems is called electronic engineering.

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